En el módulo 1 (tema 1.4), hemos estudiado sobre el verbo to be en presente. En este texto, vamos a estudiar sobre este verbo tan importante en pasado.
El significado de este verbo es ser o estar, y en pasado, podemos traducirlo como era o estaba. Recordando que es necesario conjugar correctamente de acuerdo con cada sujeto.
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El verbo to be tiene una estructura irregular y su conjugación en pasado tiene dos formas: was o were.
- I was at home yesterday. (Yo estaba en casa ayer.)
- She was a good neighbor. (Ella era una buena vecina.)
- We were playing together. (Nosotros estábamos jugando juntos.)
- They were very happy. (Ellos estaban muy felices.)
A continuación, se muestra el verbo to be conjugado en pasado en formas afirmativas, negativas e interrogativas.
Affirmative form
| Forma afirmativa | Ejemplos |
|---|---|
| I was | I was here. (Estaba aquí.) |
| You were | You were very tired last night. (Estabas muy cansada anoche.) |
| He was | He was at home. (Él estaba en casa.) |
| She was | She was in California. (Ella estaba en California.) |
| It was | It was a perfect weather. (Hacía un clima perfecto.) |
| We were | We were very busy last month. (Estábamos muy ocupados el mes pasado.) |
| They were | They were in a meeting. (Ellos estaban en una reunión.) |
Negative form
| Forma negativa | Ejemplos |
|---|---|
| I was not | I was not here. (No estaba aquí.) |
| You were not | You were not very tired last night. (No estabas muy cansada anoche.) |
| He was not | He was not at home. (Él no estaba en la casa.) |
| She was not | She was not in California. (Ella no estaba en California.) |
| It was not | It was not a perfect weather. (No había un clima perfecto.) |
| We were not | We were not very busy last month. (No estábamos muy ocupados el mes pasado.) |
| They were not | They were not in a meeting. (Ellos no estaban en una reunión.) |
Las formas contraídas en la forma negativa son ampliamente utilizadas:
- was not = wasn’t
I was not very happy -> I wasn’t very happy.
- were not = weren’t
They were not at home -> They weren’t at home.
Forma interrogativa
La estructura se invierte en la forma interrogativa. Si usamos las preguntas wh (wh questions: what, where, when, who, which, how…), comenzarán la pregunta:
| Forma interrogativa | Exemplos |
|---|---|
| Was I? | Where was I? (¿Dónde estaba yo?) |
| Were you? | Were you very tired last night? (¿Estabas muy cansada anoche?) |
| Was he? | Was he at home? (¿Él estaba en casa?) |
| Was she? | When was she in California? (¿Cuándo estaba ella en California?) |
| Was it? | Was it a perfect weather? (¿Hacía un clima perfecto?) |
| Were we? | When were we very busy? (¿Cuándo estábamos muy ocupados?) |
| Were they? | Were they in a meeting? (¿Estaban ellos en una reunión?) |
There was/were
La expresión «there is» y «there are» significa que hay o existe y se utiliza en presente. Esta expresión también se puede utilizar en pasado con el mismo significado. «There was» se utiliza en singular y «There were» en plural.
- There was a pencil on the table. (Había un lápiz en la mesa.)
- There was an elephant in the zoo. (Había un elefante en el zoológico.)
- There wasn’t anyone at the door. (No había nadie en la puerta.)
- There were four people outside. (Había cuatro personas afuera.)
- There were books on the table. (Había libros en la mesa.)
- There weren’t good movies to watch. (No había buenas películas para ver.)
¡Espero que les haya gustado! See you later!